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AbilityBench

Functional numeracy

Numeracy test made of labels, bills and shelf tickets

Ten situations an adult actually meets — a two-step reduction at the register, two packs with no unit price on either label, a dose per kilogram of body weight, a bill that prints meter readings instead of usage, a tank of fuel turned into the cost of a trip — with the answer typed rather than picked from a list. Free, no account, no calculator, because each one is a single operation on small numbers and the difficulty is choosing which numbers. Every card carries figures the question does not need, and the report tells you whether a wrong answer came from the wrong figures or from mishandling the right ones.

  • 100% free
  • No signup
  • 10 situations
  • Typed answers
  • Names the misstep

Ten situations, two from each of five kinds, with every number that would really be printed on the label still printed on it. Nothing here needs algebra and nothing here needs a formula recalled: the work is deciding which two or three of the six or seven figures in front of you the question depends on, and then doing one thing with them.

The five situations
  • A shelf ticket — a percentage reduction and a flat coupon applied in a stated order, with a crossed-out price that is not the base of anything.
  • Two packs — no unit price printed, so the comparison has to be built. The bigger pack always costs more money.
  • A dosing label — an amount per unit of body weight, and a bottle that holds a whole number of complete doses and a remainder.
  • A utility bill — two meter readings rather than a usage figure, a rate per unit, and a fixed daily charge that is easy to leave out.
  • Two fill-ups — a consumption worked out from an odometer and a pump receipt, then applied forward to a trip.

Tap the figures you are using — optional, and the reason this page can tell two mistakes apart

Every number on each card is a button. Tapping the ones the question needs before you answer costs a second and buys the only distinction that matters here: an answer that is wrong because the wrong figures went into it is a different failure from an answer that is wrong because the right figures were mishandled, and a single score cannot separate them. Items answered with nothing tapped are counted and reported as unclassified.

There is no calculator on this page, on purpose. Every item is one or two operations on small numbers, which is what the format is for: a calculator would remove the only part of the task that is not being tested.

How to take the numeracy test

Read the card, decide what matters on it, type a number.

  1. Read the whole card before the question

    Each card shows six or seven figures laid out the way the real thing lays them out: a crossed-out price beside a current one, a batch number beside a dose, an account number beside a meter reading. Two or three of them are load-bearing and the rest are on the card because they are on the real card. Deciding which is which is the task, and it is why the questions look easy and are not.

  2. Tap the figures you are using

    Every number is a button. Tapping the ones the question depends on takes a second and is optional, and it buys the only classification this format supports: an answer that came out wrong from the right figures is an execution slip, and one that came out wrong from the wrong figures is a modeling error. Skip the tapping and the item still counts — it is reported as unclassified.

  3. Type the number and press Enter

    The unit is fixed beside the field, so a dollars question wants dollars and a cents-per-100-grams question wants cents. Matching is done on the number, which means 9, 9.0 and $9 are the same answer and a trailing zero costs nothing. Afterwards the report lists each miss against the specific misstep that produces the figure you typed, where your answer lands on one of the ones this page had already written down.

Technical specifications

Situations10 scored — two each from five families: a shelf ticket, a two-pack comparison, a dosing label, an electricity bill, and a pair of fill-ups — plus 2 optional worked cards excluded from every figure
Figures per cardSix or seven, of which two or three are needed. The others are drawn from what the real artifact prints: a crossed-out price, a loyalty-points line, a purchase limit, a batch code, a previous balance, a tank capacity
Answer formatTyped, with the unit fixed beside the field. Nothing is multiple choice here, because in a shop nobody hands you five options and picking between them is a different skill from producing a number
RoundingEvery answer is exact to the decimals the unit implies: two for dollars, none for whole cents or whole doses. Where a real answer has to round — how many complete doses a bottle gives — the item says complete and the rounding direction is the thing being tested
Misstep matchingEach family carries four or five figures that named errors produce, and a typed answer within half a unit of one is reported against it by name rather than just marked wrong
CalculatorNone, deliberately. Every item is one or two operations on numbers under a thousand, and the person standing in front of the shelf being modeled here does not have one out either
TimingRecorded per situation and reported as a median per family, so the output includes which kind of situation slowed you down. Nothing times out and no item has a deadline
What leaves the pageNothing. The ten situations are put together here out of a single integer shown beside your score, what you typed lives only in this tab's memory, and the copied summary holds counts and medians rather than your answers

Frequently asked questions

What does numeracy mean here, as opposed to mathematics?

It means what an adult does with quantitative information inside a real situation, which is how adult-skills research has defined it since the large international surveys took it up — see OECD (2021), The Assessment Frameworks for Cycle 2 of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, OECD Publishing. The distinction is not softness. A mathematics question hands you a clean expression and asks you to evaluate it; a numeracy question hands you a label with eight numbers on it and asks what follows, and the evaluating is the small part. That is why nothing here needs algebra and why the items are still not easy.

Why is there no calculator when the real survey gives you one?

Because the arithmetic on these ten cards is one or two steps on numbers under a thousand, and removing that would remove nothing the page is measuring. The large surveys offer a calculator because their items run to several steps and they are trying not to measure computation at all. Here the situations are the short kind you meet at a shelf or a pump, where nobody reaches for one. If your answer was wrong by a factor of ten, a calculator would not have helped: that is a units error, not an arithmetic one.

Half the numbers on the card are useless. Isn't that a trick?

It is the content, and leaving them out is what makes most online numeracy tests useless. A shelf ticket really does carry a crossed-out price that is not the base of the reduction, a bill really does print a previous balance that is not part of this period, and a label really does state a course length when you were asked about one dose. Strip those away and you have an arithmetic exercise that anyone who can subtract will pass. The figures that do not matter are the reason a question about a 30% reduction is a question about anything.

How can the page tell a modeling error from an arithmetic slip?

By what you tapped before you answered. If the figures you selected are exactly the ones the question depends on and the number came out wrong, the model was right and the execution was not; if you selected a different set, the arithmetic may have been flawless and was performed on the wrong quantities. The distinction matters because the two have opposite remedies — one is fixed by slowing down, the other by reading the question before the card — and a single score of six out of ten recommends neither.

The dose item mentions a bottle and a weight. Is that medical advice?

No, and it is written to make that obvious: the label is invented, the product is a veterinary wormer, and the item says on its face that it is an arithmetic exercise. Dosing questions appear in adult numeracy assessment because reading an amount per unit of body weight off a label is one of the highest-stakes calculations ordinary people do, which is exactly why this page will not use a real product or a human dose. Nothing here should be applied to anything you own or take.

Why does the bottle question ask for complete doses rather than the division?

Because the rounding direction is the whole item. A bottle that holds 27.4 doses holds 27, and a page that accepted 27.4 would be testing division while looking like it was testing numeracy. Real situations round in a direction the arithmetic cannot tell you: tins of paint round up, complete doses round down, and a person who gets the division right and the direction wrong has answered a question about arithmetic instead of the one in front of them.

Can this place me at a numeracy level, like the ones in international surveys?

No, and the reason is specific rather than modest. Those levels are descriptions of what a person at that level can do, calibrated against one survey's own item set and its own standardization sample, and every published mapping from a raw count to a level belongs to the survey that built it. Ten items generated in your browser cannot enter that mapping. What the report gives instead is the count, the family breakdown and the classification of each miss, all of which are things it actually measured.

What adult numeracy research measures, and why the clutter is the point

The international adult-skills surveys treat numeracy as the ability to work with quantitative information as it arrives — embedded in a document, a diagram, a price, a schedule, with irrelevant quantities alongside it — rather than as school mathematics retested on grown-ups. The framework behind that definition is published: OECD (2021), The Assessment Frameworks for Cycle 2 of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, OECD Publishing. Two consequences follow for a page like this one. The first is that items have to be situations rather than expressions, which is why every card here is a label, a bill or a receipt. The second is that the noise has to stay in. An adult numeracy item without surplus figures is an arithmetic item, and the surveys put the surplus in on purpose.

What the format then exposes is a split that a single score hides. There are two ways to get a numeracy item wrong: build the wrong model and compute it correctly, or build the right model and slip on the sum. They look identical in a mark scheme and they are entirely different problems. The first shows up as a factor of a thousand because the column heading said thousands, as a discount taken off the crossed-out price, as a standing charge left out of a bill, as gallons per mile where miles per gallon was wanted. The second shows up as a digit. Reversing the two remedies wastes people’s time: someone whose losses are all modeling errors will not be helped by arithmetic practice, and this is the reason the page asks you to tap the figures you are using before you answer.

The instrument is freely available and designed to sort educated samples into quartiles, but this file could not confirm the band boundaries with enough confidence to print them, and a quartile boundary one item wrong misclassifies a quarter of visitors. The instrument itself is Cokely, Galesic, Schulz, Ghazal & Garcia-Retamero (2012), Measuring risk literacy: The Berlin Numeracy Test, Judgment and Decision Making. So this page reports a count out of ten and never a quartile. If you want the same underlying skill in the format employers use — tables, charts, a calculator, a clock — the numerical reasoning test is that page, and the math aptitude test strips the situation away entirely to ask whether the quantities themselves make sense to you. Where the loss turns out to be the sums rather than the setup, the arithmetic drill measures that directly and the sprint turns it into one number you can chase. Adults arriving here from a job application often need the reading half of the same assessment too, which is what the English level test covers.

A reaction time here is the interval between the frame that painted the stimulus and the timestamp the browser attached to your key, both read from the same monotonic clock. What neither can see is the display pipeline behind it, so on a 60 Hz screen roughly 16 ms of every figure below is the machine rather than you. That is the timing floor: two numbers closer together than that are the same number, and this page reports no precision it cannot support.

None of that floor is visible in the figures on this page, and it is stated because the page does report seconds. A situation here takes twenty seconds or two minutes, so the medians are given to a tenth of a second and the frame time is four orders of magnitude below the thing being compared. What can move a family median is you rereading a card, which is a real event and belongs in the number.

This is a measurement exercise, not a clinical assessment. It reports what you did on this page against a stated reference and nothing more — it cannot establish dyscalculia, or a numeracy level on any national or international scale. Only a qualified professional, working with more than a browser, can make that judgment.

Where these cards come from, and what happens to what you type

Every number on this page is worked out by JavaScript running in the tab you are reading it in. Your answers, your reaction times and your score are never uploaded, logged or kept — which is also why the test carries on working after you disconnect from the network, and why nothing here can be held back behind an email address.

Nothing here arrives over the network: a single integer decides which prices, doses and rates you get, and it is shown beside your score so an identical ten can be reproduced later with nothing having been kept. The figures you tapped and the numbers you typed serve one purpose, classifying the misses, and then go with the tab — so a reload costs you a finished run, and the copy button is there because of it.